Passive optical network communications method, apparatus and system

ABSTRACT

The present invention discloses a passive optical network communications method, apparatus and system. The method includes: receiving, by an optical network unit, a first message sent by an optical line terminal, where the first message carries backup wavelength channel ID information; switching, by the optical network unit when the optical network unit detects a fault, an operating wavelength channel of the optical network unit to a backup wavelength channel identified by the backup wavelength channel ID information; and performing, by the optical network unit, data communication over the switched-to backup wavelength channel. In this way, fast protection switching of a passive optical network system is implemented and reliability of the system is improved.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of International Patent ApplicationNo. PCT/CN2014/082279, filed on Jul. 15, 2014, which is herebyincorporated by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to the field of optical communicationstechnologies, and in particular, to a passive optical networkcommunications method, apparatus and system.

BACKGROUND

A passive optical network (PON) technology is a point-to-multipointfiber access technology. With continuous development of technologies, anEthernet Passive Optical Network (EPON), a Gigabit passive OpticalNetwork (GPON), an next generation PON (NG PON), and the like emerge. Toensure network reliability, a PON network needs to support fastswitching. FIG. 1 shows a PON network architecture, which includes afirst Optical Line Terminal 10 (OLT), a second OLT 12, an OpticalDistribution Network (ODN), and Optical Network Unit (ONUs). When thefirst OLT 10 serves as an active OLT, a feeder fiber between an activeport on the first OLT 10 and the ODN is an active feeder fiber, and afeeder fiber between a standby port on the second OLT 12 and the ODN isa standby feeder fiber. In a case in which the active feeder fiber orthe active port is faulty, switching to the standby port needs to beperformed to recover a service and implement protection for the feederfiber.

In order to further extend application of the PON, a time wavelengthdivision multiplexing-passive optical network (TWDM-PON) is put forwardin the industry. The TWDM-PON is a passive optical network that combinesboth WDM and TDM technologies, and includes an office-side optical lineterminal (OLT), a user-side optical network unit (ONU) or opticalnetwork terminal (ONT), and an optical distribution network (ODN).

When a feeder fiber between the OLT and the ODN or a working port of theoptical line terminal is faulty and this leads to interruption ofcommunication between the optical line terminal and the optical networkunit, no specific solution has yet been given for the TWDM-PON system,which is also an urgent issue that currently needs to be solved in theTWDM-PON system.

SUMMARY

Embodiments of the present invention provide a PON communicationsmethod, a related device and a PON to solve a problem of communicationinterruption caused by a fault occurring in a passive optical networksystem, which implements fast protection switching of the passiveoptical network system and improves reliability of the system.

According to the first aspect, a passive optical network communicationsmethod is provided, which may include: receiving, by an optical networkunit, a first message sent by an optical line terminal, where the firstmessage carries backup wavelength channel ID information; switching, bythe optical network unit when the optical network unit detects a fault,an operating wavelength channel of the optical network unit to a backupwavelength channel identified by the backup wavelength channel IDinformation; and performing, by the optical network unit, datacommunication over the switched-to backup wavelength channel.

With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementationmanner of the first aspect, the first message includes a message type IDMessage type ID field and a message content field, where the messagetype ID field of the first message is a channel profile field, a systemprofile field or a protect-pair-configure field, and the message contentfield includes the backup wavelength channel ID information.

With reference to the first aspect, in a second possible implementationmanner of the first aspect, the backup wavelength channel ID informationincludes a downstream backup wavelength channel ID; and

the switching, by the optical network unit, an operating wavelengthchannel of the optical network unit to a backup wavelength channelidentified by the backup wavelength channel ID information includes:

switching, by the optical network unit, a downstream operatingwavelength channel in operating wavelength channels of the opticalnetwork unit to a downstream backup wavelength channel identified by thedownstream backup wavelength channel ID.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the firstaspect or the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect,in the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, thebackup wavelength channel ID information includes an upstream backupwavelength channel ID; and

the switching, by the optical network unit, an operating wavelengthchannel of the optical network unit to a backup wavelength channelidentified by the backup wavelength channel ID information includes:

switching, by the optical network unit, an upstream operating wavelengthchannel in operating wavelength channels of the optical network unit toan upstream backup wavelength channel identified by the upstream backupwavelength channel ID.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the firstaspect or the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect,in the third and fourth possible implementation manners of the firstaspect, the backup wavelength channel ID information includes adownstream backup wavelength channel ID and an upstream backupwavelength channel ID; and

the switching, by the optical network unit, an operating wavelengthchannel of the optical network unit to a backup wavelength channelidentified by the backup wavelength channel ID information includes:switching, by the optical network unit, a downstream operatingwavelength channel in operating wavelength channels of the opticalnetwork unit to a downstream backup wavelength channel identified by thedownstream backup wavelength channel ID; and switching, by the opticalnetwork unit, an upstream operating wavelength channel in the operatingwavelength channels of the optical network unit to an upstream backupwavelength channel identified by the upstream backup wavelength channelID.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the firstaspect or the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect,in the third, fourth and fifth possible implementation manners of thefirst aspect, the message content field further includes operatingwavelength channel ID information, where the operating wavelengthchannel ID information corresponds to the backup wavelength channel IDinformation, and the operating wavelength channel ID informationincludes an operating wavelength channel ID; and

the switching, by the optical network unit, an operating wavelengthchannel of the optical network unit to a backup wavelength channelidentified by the backup wavelength channel ID information includes:matching, by the optical network unit, the operating wavelength channelof the optical network unit itself to an operating wavelength channelidentified by the operating wavelength channel ID in the message contentfield;

determining, by the optical network unit according to the matchedoperating wavelength channel, a backup wavelength channel identified bya backup wavelength channel ID; and

switching, by the optical network unit, the operating wavelength channelof the optical network unit to the backup wavelength channel.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the firstaspect or the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect,in the third, fourth and fifth possible implementation manners of thefirst aspect, the message content field further includes aprotect-pair-quantity used to indicate a quantity of backup wavelengthchannel IDs carried in the message content field, where the backupwavelength channel IDs include the downstream backup wavelength channelID and the upstream backup wavelength channel ID.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the firstaspect or the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect,in the third, fourth, fifth and sixth possible implementation manners ofthe first aspect, a second message sent by the optical line terminal isreceived, where the second message includes a message type ID Messagetype ID field and a message content field, where the message type IDfield of the second message is a channel profile ID field, a systemprofile field or a protect-pair-configure field, and the message contentfield includes an upstream backup wavelength channel ID; and

the switching, by the optical network unit, an operating wavelengthchannel of the optical network unit to a backup wavelength channelidentified by the backup wavelength channel ID information includes:switching, by the optical network unit, an upstream operating wavelengthchannel in the operating wavelength channels of the optical network unitto an upstream backup wavelength channel identified by the upstreambackup wavelength channel ID in the second message.

According to the second aspect, a passive optical network communicationsmethod is provided, which may include: generating, by an optical lineterminal, a first message, where the first message carries backupwavelength channel ID information, where the backup wavelength channelID information is used to instruct to switch, when an optical networkunit detects a fault, an operating wavelength channel of the opticalnetwork unit to a backup wavelength channel identified by the backupwavelength channel ID information; and sending the first message to theoptical network unit.

With reference to the second aspect, in the first implementation mannerof the second aspect, the first message includes a message type ID fieldand a message content field, where the message type ID field of thefirst message is a channel profile field, a system profile field or aprotect-pair-configure field, and the message content field includes thebackup wavelength channel ID information.

With reference to the second aspect or the first possible implementationmanner of the second aspect, in the second possible implementationmanner of the second aspect, the backup wavelength channel IDinformation includes a downstream backup wavelength channel ID, and thedownstream backup wavelength channel ID is used to instruct to switch adownstream operating wavelength channel of the optical network unit to adownstream backup wavelength channel identified by the downstream backupwavelength channel ID; and

With reference to the first aspect or the first possible implementationmanner of the first aspect, in the third possible implementation mannerof the first aspect,

the backup wavelength channel ID information includes an upstream backupwavelength channel ID, and the upstream backup wavelength channel ID isused to instruct to switch an upstream operating wavelength channel ofthe optical network unit to an upstream backup wavelength channelidentified by the upstream backup wavelength channel ID; and

With reference to the first aspect or the first possible implementationmanner of the first aspect, in the fourth possible implementation mannerof the first aspect, the backup wavelength channel ID informationincludes a downstream backup wavelength channel ID and an upstreambackup wavelength channel ID; and

the downstream backup wavelength channel ID is used to instruct toswitch a downstream operating wavelength channel of the optical networkunit to a downstream backup wavelength channel identified by thedownstream backup wavelength channel ID; and

the upstream backup wavelength channel ID is used to instruct to switchan upstream operating wavelength channel of the optical network unit toan upstream backup wavelength channel identified by the upstream backupwavelength channel ID.

With reference to the first aspect or the first possible implementationmanner of the first aspect, in the fifth possible implementation mannerof the first aspect, the message content field further includesoperating wavelength channel ID information, where the operatingwavelength channel ID information corresponds to the backup wavelengthchannel ID information, and the operating wavelength channel IDinformation includes an operating wavelength channel ID, where theoperating wavelength channel ID is used to: instruct the optical networkunit to match an operating wavelength channel identified by theoperating wavelength channel ID; and determine, according to the matchedoperating wavelength channel, a backup wavelength channel identified bya backup wavelength channel ID, and switch the operating wavelengthchannel of the optical network unit to the backup wavelength channel.

With reference to the first aspect or the first possible implementationmanner of the first aspect, in the sixth possible implementation mannerof the first aspect, the message content field further includes aprotect-pair-quantity used to indicate a quantity of backup wavelengthchannel IDs in the message content field, where the backup wavelengthchannel IDs include the downstream backup wavelength channel ID and theupstream backup wavelength channel ID.

With reference to the first aspect or the first possible implementationmanner of the first aspect, in the seventh possible implementationmanner of the first aspect, a second message is sent to the optical lineterminal, where the second message includes a message type ID Messagetype ID field and a message content field, where the message type IDfield of the second message is a channel profile field, a system profilefield or a protect-pair-configure field, and the message content fieldincludes an upstream backup wavelength channel ID, where the upstreambackup wavelength channel ID is used to instruct the optical networkunit to switch an upstream operating wavelength channel in operatingwavelength channels of the optical network unit to an upstream backupwavelength channel identified by the upstream backup wavelength channelID in the second message.

According to the third aspect, a passive optical network communicationsapparatus is provided, where the communications apparatus includes:

a first communications unit, configured to: receive a first message sentby an optical line terminal, where the first message carries backupwavelength channel ID information; and perform data communication overthe switched-to backup wavelength channel; and

a first processing unit, configured to: when an optical network unitdetects a fault, switch, according to the first message received by thefirst communications unit, an operating wavelength channel of theoptical network unit to a backup wavelength channel identified by thebackup wavelength channel ID information.

With reference to the third aspect, in a first possible implementationmanner of the third aspect, the first message includes a message type IDMessage type ID field and a message content field, where the messagetype ID field of the first message is a channel profile field, a systemprofile field or a protect-pair-configure field, and the message contentfield includes the backup wavelength channel ID information.

With reference to the third aspect and the first possible implementationmanner of the third aspect, in the second possible implementation mannerof the third aspect, the backup wavelength channel ID informationincludes a downstream backup wavelength channel ID; and

the first processing unit is specifically configured to switch adownstream operating wavelength channel in operating wavelength channelsof the optical network unit to a downstream backup wavelength channelidentified by the downstream backup wavelength channel ID.

According to the fourth aspect, a passive optical network communicationsapparatus is provided, where the communications apparatus includes:

a second processing unit, configured to generate a first message, wherethe first message carries backup wavelength channel ID information,where the backup wavelength channel ID information is used to instructto switch, when an optical network unit detects a fault, an operatingwavelength channel of the optical network unit to a backup wavelengthchannel identified by the backup wavelength channel ID information; and

a second communications unit, configured to send the first message tothe optical network unit.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in the first possibleimplementation manner of the fourth aspect, the first message includes amessage type ID field and a message content field, where the messagetype ID field of the first message is a channel profile field, a systemprofile field or a protect-pair-configure field, and the message contentfield includes the backup wavelength channel ID information.

With reference to the fourth aspect and the second possibleimplementation manner of the fourth aspect, in the third possibleimplementation manner of the fourth aspect, the backup wavelengthchannel ID information includes a downstream backup wavelength channelID, and the downstream backup wavelength channel ID is used to instructto switch a downstream operating wavelength channel of the opticalnetwork unit to a downstream backup wavelength channel identified by thedownstream backup wavelength channel ID; and

According to the fifth aspect, a communications apparatus is provided,where the communications apparatus includes a processor, a memory, and abus system, where the processor is connected to the memory by using thebus system, the memory is configured to store an instruction, and theprocessor is configured to execute the instruction stored by the memory,where

the processor is configured to generate a first message, where the firstmessage carries backup wavelength channel ID information, where thebackup wavelength channel ID information is used to instruct to switch,when an optical network unit detects a fault, an operating wavelengthchannel of the optical network unit to a backup wavelength channelidentified by the backup wavelength channel ID information.

According to the sixth aspect, a passive optical network system isprovided, where the system includes the communications apparatusdescribed in the third aspect and the apparatus described in the fourthaspect; or the system includes the communications apparatus described inthe third aspect and the apparatus described in the fifth aspect.

From the foregoing description, it can be seen that, in theimplementation manners of the present invention, an optical network unitreceives a first message sent by an optical line terminal, where thefirst message carries backup wavelength channel ID information; when theoptical network unit detects a fault, the optical network unit switchesan operating wavelength channel of the optical network unit to a backupwavelength channel identified by the backup wavelength channel IDinformation; and the optical network unit performs data communicationover the switched-to backup wavelength channel. The foregoingcommunications method solves a problem of communication interruptioncaused by a fiber fault in a TWDM-PON system or a port fault of anoptical line terminal, and thereby implements fast protection switchingof the system and improves reliability of the system.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the presentinvention more clearly, the following briefly introduces theaccompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments.Apparently, the accompanying drawings in the following description showmerely some embodiments of the present invention, and a person ofordinary skill in the art may still derive other drawings from theseaccompanying drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a TWDM-PONsystem according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a passive optical networkcommunications method according to an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 3 is a compositional architecture diagram of active/standbyswitching according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of another passive optical networkcommunications method according to an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 5 is another compositional architecture diagram of active/standbyswitching according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of another passive optical networkcommunications method according to an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 7 is still another compositional architecture diagram ofactive/standby switching according to an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of still another passive optical networkcommunications method according to an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a communications apparatusaccording to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another communicationsapparatus according to the present invention; and

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of still anothercommunications apparatus according to the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Embodiments of the present invention provide a PON communicationsmethod, related devices, and a PON to improve availability of a linkbetween PON devices in a PON and improve a data transmission rate.

To make the invention objectives, features, and advantages of thepresent invention clearer and more comprehensible, the following clearlyand completely describes the technical solutions in the embodiments ofthe present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in theembodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the embodimentsdescribed in the following are merely a part rather than all of theembodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained bya person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of thepresent invention without creative efforts shall fall within theprotection scope of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a TWDM-PONsystem. As shown in FIG. 1, a TWDM-PON system 100 includes one OLT 110,multiple ONUs 120, and an optical distribution network (OpticalDistribution Network, ODN) 130, where the OLT 110 is connected to themultiple ONUs 120 via the ODN 130 in a point-to-multipoint manner. TheTWDM-PON system 100 may further include more than one OLT. The multipleONUs 120 share an optical transmission medium of the ODN 130. The ODN130 may include a feeder fiber 131, an optical power splitting module132, and multiple distribution fibers 133. The optical power splittingmodule 132 may be disposed on a remote node (Remote Node, RN), and isconnected to the OLT 110 by using the feeder fiber 131 and alsoconnected to the multiple ONUs 120 by using the multiple distributionfibers 133. In the TWDM-PON system 100, a communications link betweenthe OLT 110 and the multiple ONUs 120 may include multiple operatingwavelength channels, and the multiple operating wavelength channelsshare the optical transmission medium of the ODN 130 in a WDM manner.Each ONU 120 may work on one operating wavelength channel of theTWDM-PON system 100, and each operating wavelength channel may carryservices of one or more ONUs 120. In addition, ONUs 120 that work on asame operating wavelength channel may share the wavelength channel in atime division multiplexing TDM manner. In FIG. 1, that the TWDM-PONsystem 100 has four operating wavelength channels is used as an examplefor description. It should be understood that, in practical application,a quantity of operating wavelength channels of the TWDM-PON system 100may also be determined according to a network need.

It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the presentinvention, a transmission direction in which data or an optical signalthat carries the data is transmitted from an OLT to an ONT/ONU is calleda downstream direction, and correspondingly, the optical signal sent bythe OLT to the ONT/ONU is also called a downstream optical signal.Similarly, a transmission direction in which data or an optical signalthat carries the data is transmitted from the ONT/ONU to the OLT iscalled an upstream direction, and correspondingly, the optical signalsent by the ONT/ONU to the OLT is also called an upstream opticalsignal.

For ease of description, the four operating wavelength channels of theTWDM-PON system 100 in FIG. 1 are named operating wavelength channel 1,operating wavelength channel 2, operating wavelength channel 3, andoperating wavelength channel 4. Each operating wavelength channel usesone pair of upstream and downstream wavelengths. For example, operatingwavelength channel 1 includes an upstream operating wavelength channeland a downstream operating wavelength channel, where an upstreamoperating wavelength corresponding to the upstream operating wavelengthchannel is λup1, and a downstream operating wavelength corresponding tothe downstream operating wavelength channel may be λdn1; operatingwavelength channel 2 includes an upstream operating wavelength channeland a downstream operating wavelength channel, where an upstreamoperating wavelength corresponding to the upstream operating wavelengthchannel is λup2, and a downstream operating wavelength corresponding tothe downstream operating wavelength channel may be λdn2; operatingwavelength channel 3 includes an upstream operating wavelength channeland a downstream operating wavelength channel, where an upstreamoperating wavelength corresponding to the upstream operating wavelengthchannel is λup3, and a downstream operating wavelength corresponding tothe downstream operating wavelength channel may be λdn3; operatingwavelength channel 4 includes an upstream operating wavelength channeland a downstream operating wavelength channel, where an upstreamoperating wavelength corresponding to the upstream operating wavelengthchannel is λup4, and a downstream operating wavelength corresponding tothe downstream operating wavelength channel is λdn4. Each operatingwavelength channel may have a corresponding operating wavelength channelID (for example, channel numbers of the four wavelength channels may be1, 2, 3, and 4). That is, an operating wavelength channel ID is in amatching relationship with an upstream or a downstream wavelengthcorresponding to an operating wavelength channel identified by theoperating wavelength channel ID, and the OLT 110 and the ONUs 120 canlearn, according to an operating wavelength channel ID, an upstreamoperating wavelength and a downstream operating wavelength that arecorresponding to an operating wavelength channel.

The OLT 110 may include an optical coupler 111, a first wavelengthdivision multiplexer 112, a second wavelength division multiplexer 113,multiple downstream optical transmitters Tx1-Tx4, multiple upstreamoptical receivers Rx1-Rx4, and a processing module 114. The multipledownstream optical transmitters Tx1-Tx4 are connected to the opticalcoupler 111 via the first wavelength division multiplexer 112, themultiple upstream optical receivers Rx1-Rx4 are connected to the opticalcoupler 111 via the second wavelength division multiplexer 113, and thecoupler 111 is further connected to the feeder fiber 131 of the ODN 130.

Transmit wavelengths vary between the multiple downstream opticaltransmitters Tx1-Tx4. Each downstream optical transmitter of Tx1-Tx4 maycorrespond to one wavelength channel of the TWDM-PON system 100. Forexample, the transmit wavelengths of the multiple downstream opticaltransmitters Tx1-Tx4 may be λd1-λd4 respectively. The downstream opticaltransmitters Tx1-Tx4 may use their respective transmit wavelengthsλd1-λd4 to transmit downstream data to corresponding wavelength channelsso that the downstream data can be received by the ONUs 120 that work onthe corresponding wavelength channels. Correspondingly, receivewavelengths may vary between the multiple upstream optical receiversRx1-Rx4. Each upstream optical receiver of Rx1-Rx4 also corresponds toone wavelength channel of the TWDM-PON system 100. For example, thereceive wavelengths of the multiple upstream optical receivers Rx1-Rx4may be λu1-λu4 respectively. The upstream optical receivers Rx1-Rx4 mayuse their respective receive wavelengths λu1-λu4 to receive upstreamdata sent by the ONUs 120 that work on corresponding wavelengthchannels.

The first wavelength division multiplexer 112 is configured to performwavelength division multiplexing for the downstream data that istransmitted by the multiple downstream optical transmitters Tx1-Tx4 andwhose wavelengths are λd1-λd4, and send the downstream data to thefeeder fiber 131 of the ODN 130 via the optical coupler 111, so as toprovide the downstream data for the ONUs 120 via the ODN 130. Inaddition, the optical coupler 111 may be further configured to providethe second wavelength division multiplexer 113 with the upstream datathat comes from the multiple ONUs 120 and whose wavelengths are λu1-λu4,and the second wavelength division multiplexer 113 may demultiplex theupstream data whose wavelengths are λu1-λu4 to the upstream opticalreceivers Rx1-Rx4 so as to implement data reception.

The processing module 114 may be a media access control (Media AccessControl, MAC) module. On the one hand, the processing module may specifyoperating wavelength channels for the multiple ONUs 120 by means ofwavelength negotiation, and according to an operating wavelength channelof one ONU 120, provide downstream data, which is to be sent to the ONU120, for the downstream optical transmitters Tx1-Tx4 corresponding tothe wavelength channel, so that the downstream optical transmittersTx1-Tx4 transmit the downstream data to the corresponding wavelengthchannel; on the other hand, the processing module 114 may furtherperform dynamic bandwidth allocation (Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation, DBA)for upstream transmission for each wavelength channel, and allocate anupstream transmit timeslot to ONUs 120 that are multiplexed to a samewavelength channel in a TDM manner, so as to authorize the ONUs 120 tosend upstream data in the specified timeslot through the correspondingwavelength channel.

The upstream transmit wavelength and the downstream receive wavelengthof each ONU 120 are adjustable. According to a wavelength channelspecified by the OLT 110, an ONU 120 may adjust its own upstreamtransmit wavelength and downstream receive wavelength respectively to anupstream operating wavelength and a downstream operating wavelength thatare corresponding to the operating wavelength channel, so as toimplement upstream and downstream data transmission and reception byusing the wavelength channel. For example, if the OLT 110 instructs, ina wavelength negotiation process, one ONU 120 to work on wavelengthchannel 1, the ONU 120 may adjust its own upstream transmit wavelengthand downstream receive wavelength to a first upstream operatingwavelength λup1 and a first downstream operating wavelength λdn1respectively; if the OLT 110 instructs the ONU 120 to work on wavelengthchannel 3, the ONU 120 may adjust its own upstream transmit wavelengthand downstream receive wavelength to a third upstream operatingwavelength λup3 and a third downstream operating wavelength λdn3respectively.

The ONU 120 may include an optical coupler 121, a downstream opticalreceiver 122, an upstream optical transmitter 123, and a processingmodule 124. The downstream optical receiver 122 and the upstream opticaltransmitter 123 are connected to a distribution fiber 133 correspondingto the ONU 120 via the optical coupler 121. On the one hand, the opticalcoupler 121 may provide the distribution fiber 133 of the ODN 130 withupstream data sent by the upstream optical transmitter 123, so as tosend the upstream data to the OLT 110 via the ODN 130; on the otherhand, the optical coupler 121 may further provide the downstream opticalreceiver 122 with downstream data sent by the OLT 110 via the ODN 130,so as to implement data reception.

The processing module 124 may be a media access control MAC module or amicroprocessor, and may perform wavelength negotiation with the OLT 110,and according to an operating wavelength channel specified by the OLT110, adjust a receive wavelength of the downstream optical receiver 122and a transmit wavelength of the upstream optical transmitter 123 (thatis, adjust the downstream receive wavelength and upstream transmitwavelength of the ONU 120), so that the ONU 120 works on the operatingwavelength channel specified by the OLT 110. In addition, the processingmodule 124 may further control, according to a dynamic bandwidthallocation result of the OLT 110, the upstream optical transmitter 123to send upstream data in a specified timeslot.

It should be understood that in the embodiments of the presentinvention, the passive optical network communications method, apparatusand system according to the embodiments of the present invention may beapplied in a time division or wavelength division passive opticalnetwork system, for example, a GPON system, a 10G GPON system, a 40GGPON system, an Ethernet passive optical network (Ethernet PassiveOptical Network, “EPON” for short) system, a 10G EPON system or awavelength division multiplexing passive optical network WDM PON system.For ease of description, a GPON system is used as an example fordescription below, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Inaddition, for ease of description, an optical network unit (OpticalNetwork Unit, ONU) is used for description below in place of an opticalnetwork terminal (Optical Network Terminal, ONT) and/or an opticalnetwork unit, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

FIG. 2 gives a schematic flowchart of a passive optical networkcommunications method according to an embodiment of the presentinvention. The method may be executed by an apparatus that executes thecommunications method. For example, the method may be executed by an ONUor an OLT. Herein, an ONU is used as an example for description. Asshown in FIG. 2, the method includes:

S200. An OLT generates a first message, where the first message carriesbackup wavelength channel ID information.

Further, the backup wavelength channel ID information is used toinstruct to switch, when an optical network unit detects a fault, anoperating wavelength channel of the optical network unit to a backupwavelength channel identified by the backup wavelength channel IDinformation.

Further, the first message includes a message type ID Message type IDfield and a message content field, where the message type ID field ofthe first message is a channel profile field, a system profile field ora protect-pair-configure field, and the message content field includesthe backup wavelength channel ID information.

Specifically, the message type ID field is used to identify a type ofthe message, and the message content field is used to describe messagecontent corresponding to the message type ID field.

Further, the backup wavelength channel ID information includes adownstream backup wavelength channel ID, where the downstream backupwavelength channel ID is used to identify a downstream backup wavelengthchannel, and specifically instruct the ONU to switch a downstreamoperating wavelength channel of the ONU to the downstream backupwavelength channel identified by the downstream backup wavelengthchannel ID.

Further, the backup wavelength channel ID information includes anupstream backup wavelength channel ID, where the upstream backupwavelength channel ID is used to identify an upstream backup wavelengthchannel, and specifically instruct the ONU to switch an upstreamoperating wavelength channel of the ONU to the upstream backupwavelength channel identified by the upstream backup wavelength channelID.

Further, the backup wavelength channel ID information includes adownstream backup wavelength channel ID and an upstream backupwavelength channel ID, where

the downstream backup wavelength channel ID is used to instruct toswitch a downstream operating wavelength channel of the optical networkunit to a downstream backup wavelength channel identified by thedownstream backup wavelength channel ID; and the upstream backupwavelength channel ID is used to instruct to switch an upstreamoperating wavelength channel of the optical network unit to an upstreambackup wavelength channel identified by the upstream backup wavelengthchannel ID.

Further, the message content field further includes operating wavelengthchannel ID information, where the operating wavelength channel IDinformation corresponds to the backup wavelength channel ID information,and the operating wavelength channel ID information includes anoperating wavelength channel ID, where the operating wavelength channelID is used to instruct the ONU to: match an operating wavelength channelidentified by the operating wavelength channel ID; according to thematched operating wavelength channel, determine a backup wavelengthchannel identified by a backup wavelength channel ID; and switch theoperating wavelength channel of the ONU to the backup wavelengthchannel.

Further, the message content field further includes aprotect-pair-quantity used to indicate a quantity of backup wavelengthchannel IDs in the message content field, where the backup wavelengthchannel IDs include the downstream backup wavelength channel ID and theupstream backup wavelength channel ID.

S202. The OLT sends the first message to an ONU.

Further, the method further includes: sending, by the OLT, a secondmessage to the ONU, where the second message includes a message type IDMessage type ID field and a message content field, where the messagetype ID field of the second message is a channel profile field, a systemprofile field or a protect-pair-configure field, and the message contentfield includes an upstream backup wavelength channel ID, where theupstream backup wavelength channel ID is used to instruct the opticalnetwork unit to switch an upstream operating wavelength channel inoperating wavelength channels of the optical network unit to an upstreambackup wavelength channel identified by the upstream backup wavelengthchannel ID in the second message.

S204. The ONU receives the first message sent by the OLT, where thefirst message carries the backup wavelength channel ID information.

S206. When the optical network unit detects a fault, the optical networkunit switches an operating wavelength channel of the optical networkunit to a backup wavelength channel identified by the backup wavelengthchannel ID information.

The fault may include loss of optical signal, loss of frame, a high biterror rate, or the like.

Further, the backup wavelength channel ID information includes adownstream backup wavelength channel ID.

That the optical network unit switches an operating wavelength channelof the optical network unit to a backup wavelength channel identified bythe backup wavelength channel ID information includes:

switching, by the optical network unit, a downstream operatingwavelength channel in operating wavelength channels of the opticalnetwork unit to a downstream backup wavelength channel identified by thedownstream backup wavelength channel ID.

Further, the backup wavelength channel ID information includes anupstream backup wavelength channel ID.

That the optical network unit switches an operating wavelength channelof the optical network unit to a backup wavelength channel identified bythe backup wavelength channel ID information includes:

switching, by the optical network unit, an upstream operating wavelengthchannel in operating wavelength channels of the optical network unit toan upstream backup wavelength channel identified by the upstream backupwavelength channel ID.

Further, the backup wavelength channel ID information includes adownstream backup wavelength channel ID and an upstream backupwavelength channel ID.

That the optical network unit switches an operating wavelength channelof the optical network unit to a backup wavelength channel identified bythe backup wavelength channel ID information includes:

switching, by the optical network unit, a downstream operatingwavelength channel in operating wavelength channels of the opticalnetwork unit to a downstream backup wavelength channel identified by thedownstream backup wavelength channel ID; and

switching, by the optical network unit, an upstream operating wavelengthchannel in the operating wavelength channels of the optical network unitto an upstream backup wavelength channel identified by the upstreambackup wavelength channel ID.

Further, the message content field further includes operating wavelengthchannel ID information, where the operating wavelength channel IDinformation corresponds to the backup wavelength channel ID information,and the operating wavelength channel ID information includes anoperating wavelength channel ID.

That the optical network unit switches an operating wavelength channelof the optical network unit to a backup wavelength channel identified bythe backup wavelength channel ID information includes:

matching, by the optical network unit according to its own operatingwavelength channel, an operating wavelength channel identified by theoperating wavelength channel ID in the message content field;

determining, by the optical network unit according to the matchedoperating wavelength channel, a backup wavelength channel identified bya backup wavelength channel ID; and

switching, by the optical network unit, the operating wavelength channelof the optical network unit to the backup wavelength channel.

Further, the message content field further includes aprotect-pair-quantity used to indicate a quantity of backup wavelengthchannel IDs carried in the message content field, where the backupwavelength channel IDs include the downstream backup wavelength channelID and the upstream backup wavelength channel ID.

Further, the method further includes:

receiving, by the ONU, a second message sent by the OLT, where thesecond message includes a message type ID Message type ID field and amessage content field, where the message type ID field of the secondmessage is a channel profile ID field, a system profile field or aprotect-pair-configure field, and the message content field includes anupstream backup wavelength channel ID.

That the optical network unit switches an operating wavelength channelof the optical network unit to a backup wavelength channel identified bythe backup wavelength channel ID information includes:

switching, by the optical network unit, an upstream operating wavelengthchannel in the operating wavelength channels of the optical network unitto an upstream backup wavelength channel identified by the upstreambackup wavelength channel ID in the second message.

S208. The optical network unit performs data communication over theswitched-to backup wavelength channel.

To sum up, for ease of understanding, the backup wavelength channel IDinformation and the operating wavelength channel ID information areexplained below:

the backup wavelength channel ID information includes a backupwavelength channel ID, where

the backup wavelength channel ID includes a downstream backup wavelengthchannel ID, or

an upstream backup wavelength channel ID, or

a downstream backup wavelength channel ID and an upstream backupwavelength channel ID.

The downstream backup wavelength channel ID is used to identify adownstream backup wavelength channel; the upstream backup wavelengthchannel ID is used to identify an upstream backup wavelength channel.

In other words, the backup wavelength channel ID information includes abackup wavelength channel ID, where

the backup wavelength channel ID is used to identify a backup wavelengthchannel, where

the backup wavelength channel includes a downstream backup wavelengthchannel identified by a downstream backup wavelength channel ID or anupstream backup wavelength channel identified by an upstream backupwavelength channel ID; or includes a downstream backup wavelengthchannel identified by a downstream backup wavelength channel ID and anupstream backup wavelength channel identified by an upstream backupwavelength channel ID.

Correspondingly, the operating wavelength channel ID information mayalso be understood as follows:

the operating wavelength channel ID information includes an operatingwavelength channel ID, where

the operating wavelength channel ID includes a downstream operatingwavelength channel ID, or

an upstream operating wavelength channel ID, or

a downstream operating wavelength channel ID and an upstream operatingwavelength channel ID.

The downstream operating wavelength channel ID is used to identify adownstream operating wavelength channel; the upstream wavelength channelID is used to identify an upstream operating wavelength channel.

In other words, the operating wavelength channel ID information includesan operating wavelength channel ID, where

the operating wavelength channel ID is used to identify an operatingwavelength channel, where

the operating wavelength channel includes a downstream operatingwavelength channel identified by a downstream operating wavelengthchannel ID or an upstream operating wavelength channel identified by anupstream operating wavelength channel ID; or includes a downstreamoperating wavelength channel identified by a downstream operatingwavelength channel ID and an upstream operating wavelength channelidentified by an upstream operating wavelength channel ID.

It should be understood that the foregoing description and definitionsrelated to the backup wavelength channel ID information and theoperating wavelength channel ID information are applicable to all thefollowing various embodiments.

Optionally, the first message and the second message may be any one of aphysical layer operations, administration and maintenance (PhysicalLayer Operation Administration and Maintenance, PLOAM) message, an ONTmanagement and control interface (ONT Management and Control Interface,OMCI) message, a Multi-Point Control Protocol (Multi-Point ControlProtocol, MPCP) message, and an operation, administration andmaintenance (Operation Administration and Maintenance, OAM) message, ormay be other messages.

The OLT may use one of the PLOAM message, the OMCI message, the MPCPmessage and the OAM message to carry the backup wavelength channel IDinformation. A specific message format, for example, field values, fieldlengths, and positions of fields in the message may be determinedaccording to actual needs. In other alternative embodiments, the OLT mayuse a newly defined message to carry the backup wavelength channel IDinformation.

In the embodiments of the present invention, an ONU performspreconfiguration according to backup wavelength channel ID informationsent by an OLT. When the ONU detects a fault, according to preconfiguredbackup wavelength channel information, the ONU quickly switches its ownoperating wavelength channel to a backup wavelength channelcorresponding to the backup wavelength channel information so as toperform data communication over the switched-to backup wavelengthchannel, thereby implementing fast protection switching of a passiveoptical network system and improving reliability of the system.

The following gives description by using examples with reference tofault scenarios of a passive optical network system, but scenarios towhich the solutions in the embodiments of the present invention areapplied are not limited to the following fault scenarios.

Embodiment 1

As shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a compositional architecture diagram ofactive/standby switching. In FIG. 3, OLT 0 is an active OLT, and OLT 1is a standby OLT. Working port 0 of the active OLT is connected to anoptical splitter by using a feeder fiber. Standby port 1 of the standbyOLT is connected to the optical splitter by using a standby fiber, andthe other end of the optical splitter is connected to ONUs, where datais transmitted between the active OLT or the standby OLT and the ONUs inreal time via the optical splitter.

The active OLT, that is, OLT 0, includes at least 4 transceivers:transceiver 1, transceiver 2, transceiver 3, and transceiver 4. Eachtransceiver works on one operating wavelength channel, and eachwavelength channel uses one pair of upstream and downstream operatingwavelengths. For example, transceiver 1 works on operating wavelengthchannel 1, and operating wavelength channel 1 includes an upstreamoperating wavelength channel and a downstream operating wavelengthchannel, where the upstream operating wavelength channel corresponds toan upstream operating wavelength channel λup1 and the downstreamoperating wavelength channel corresponds to a downstream operatingwavelength λdn1. By analogy, transceiver 2 works on wavelength channel2, and wavelength channel 2 uses an upstream operating wavelength λup2and a downstream operating wavelength λdn2.

The standby OLT, that is, OLT 1, includes at least one transceiver:transceiver 5. Transceiver 5 works on a backup wavelength channel, andan upstream backup wavelength and a downstream backup wavelengthcorresponding to the backup wavelength channel are λupi and λdni. Valuesof the upstream backup wavelength and the downstream backup wavelengthcorresponding to the backup wavelength channel may be one of theforegoing operating wavelength channels, or may be a wavelengthcorresponding to another wavelength channel different from the foregoingoperating wavelength channels. For example, a value of λupi may be anyone of λup1-λup4 and λup5. A value of λdni may be any one of λup1-λup4and λup5.

Operating wavelength channel ID information includes an operatingwavelength channel ID. The operating wavelength channel ID is used toidentify an operating wavelength channel. The operating wavelengthchannel may be an upstream operating wavelength channel or a downstreamoperating wavelength channel. The upstream operating wavelength channelcorresponds to an upstream operating wavelength, and the downstreamoperating wavelength channel corresponds to a downstream operatingwavelength.

The ONUs, for example, ONU 1 . . . ONU 4, may be adjustable ONUs. Anyone ONU includes at least one transceiver. The transceiver works on anoperating wavelength channel. For example, ONU 1 includes transceiver 1,and transceiver 1 works on operating wavelength channel 1, and operatingwavelength channel 1 uses an upstream operating wavelength λup1 and adownstream operating wavelength λdn1. The operating wavelength channelis identified by the operating wavelength channel ID. For example, anoperating wavelength channel ID 1 identifies operating wavelengthchannel 1.

When the active OLT communicates with the ONUs normally, the active OLTsends a message that carries backup wavelength channel ID information tothe ONUs, so that the ONUs receive the message and preconfigure thebackup wavelength channel ID information.

When working port 0 of the active OLT, or the feeder fiber between theactive OLT and the optical splitter is faulty, the standby OLT isenabled. The standby OLT uses a backup wavelength channel to send datato the ONUs.

When detecting a fault, an ONU switches its own operating wavelengthchannel to a preconfigured backup wavelength channel. Because the backupwavelength channel ID information preconfigured by the multiple ONUs isthe same, the ONUs all switch to the same backup wavelength channel. Inthis case, a manner of communication between the standby OLT and theONUs is time division multiplexing. That is, in an upstream direction,the ONUs send data to the standby OLT in a time division manner; in adownstream direction, the OLT delivers data to the ONUs in a broadcastmanner.

Based on the architecture in FIG. 3, an embodiment of the presentinvention provides another passive optical network communicationsmethod, as shown in FIG. 4.

S402. An active OLT broadcasts a first message to all ONUs, where thefirst message carries backup wavelength channel ID information.

Further, that a PLOAM message is used to carry the backup wavelengthchannel ID information is used as an example. A message format of thePLOAM message is shown in Table 1. Table 1 is a schematic diagram of aPLOAM message format. The PLOAM message generally includes an opticalnetwork unit ID (ONU ID) field, a message type ID (Message type ID)field, a sequence number (Sequence No) field, a message content (MessageContent) field, and a message integrity check (Message Integrity Check)field. In this embodiment of the present invention, the backupwavelength channel ID information may be carried in the message contentfield of the PLOAM message. For example, the PLOAM message format basedon the backup wavelength channel ID information is shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 Octet (Octet) Content (Content) Description (Description) 1-2ONU ID (ONU ID) ID of an optical network unit that needs to switch to abackup wavelength channel 3 Message type ID Identifies a type of themessage. (Message type ID) 4 Sequence number Sequence number (SequenceNo)  5-40 Message content Carries backup wavelength channel (MessageContent) ID information. 41-48 Message integrity Message integrity checkcheck (MIC)

Optionally, the message type ID field of the PLOAM message may be achannel profile field, a system profile field or aprotect-pair-configure field. When the message type ID field is achannel profile field, a system profile field or aprotect-pair-configure field, the message content field includes backupwavelength channel ID information, where the backup wavelength channelID information specifically includes at least one of a downstream backupwavelength channel ID and an upstream backup wavelength channel ID, asdetailed in Table 2:

TABLE 2 Octet Content Description 1-2 ONU-ID Broadcast message to allONUs of one downstream wavelength. As a broadcast to all ONUs, ONU-ID =0x03FF. 3 Message type ID Channel profile or system profile 4 SeqNoBroadcast or Unicast PLOAM sequence number. 5 Backup DDDD: ID of adownstream backup wavelength wavelength channel (ID of downstreamchannel ID backup wavelength channel) information UUUU: ID of anupstream backup wavelength channel (ID of upstream backup wavelengthchannel)  6-40 Padding Set to 0x00 by the transmitter; treated as “don'tcare” by the receiver. 41-48 MIC Message integrity check.

In Table 2, octets 1-2 in the PLOAM message are an ONU ID field ONU-ID,and are generally padded with 0X03FF for a broadcast message, which isnot limited thereto. Octet 3 is a message type type field Message typeID, and is generally a channel profile “channel profile” or a systemprofile “system profile”, Octet 4 is a SeqNo sequence number, and is asequence number (sequence number) of a broadcast (Broadcast) or unicast(Unicast) PLOAM message. Octet 5 is backup wavelength channel ID (Backupwavelength channel ID) information, which may specifically include atleast one of: ID of a downstream backup wavelength channel (ID ofdownstream backup wavelength channel) and ID of an upstream backupwavelength channel (ID of upstream backup wavelength channel). DDDD maybe used to represent an ID of a downstream backup wavelength channel.For example, a value 0000 of DDDD represents an ID of downstream backupwavelength channel 0. UUUU is used to represent an ID of an upstreambackup wavelength channel. For example, a value 1111 of UUUU representsan ID of upstream backup wavelength channel 15. Octets 6-40 may bepadded with 0X00, and octets 41-48 are used for message integrity check.Octet 5 is a new field.

In Table 2 that describes the PLOAM message operating wavelength channelID information (work wavelength channel ID information) of the ONU isnot described. The operating wavelength channel ID information of theONU may be further padded in another unpadded field. In Embodiment 1,the operating wavelength channel ID information is optional.

Further, that a PLOAM message is used to carry the backup wavelengthchannel ID information is used as an example. A message format of thePLOAM message may also be those shown in Table 3 and Table 4. Table 3and Table 4 are schematic diagrams of PLOAM message formats.

A main different between the PLOAM message formats shown in Table 3 andTable 4 and that in Table 2 is that the downstream backup wavelengthchannel ID and upstream backup wavelength channel ID included in thebackup wavelength channel ID information are separately carried by twoPLOAM messages, as detailed in Table 3 and Table 4.

TABLE 3 Octet Content Description 1-2 ONU ID Broadcast message to allONUs of one downstream wavelength. As a broadcast to all ONUs, ONU-ID =0x03FF. 3 Message Type ID Downstream_Channel_Profile 4 SeqNo Broadcastor Unicast PLOAM sequence number. 5 Profile version If the content ofthe profile changes, and the OLT should ensure that the version profileindex also changes, so that the ONU can detect updates solely on thebasis of the version field. 6 Downstream ID of the downstream wavelengthwavelength channel channel ID 7 Downstream ID of the downstreamwavelength backup backup channel wavelength channel ID . . .  n-40Padding Set to 0x00 by the transmitter; treated as “don't care” by thereceiver. 41-48 MIC Message integrity check

As shown in Table 3, octets 1-2 are still an ONU ID field, and itscontent is the same as the content of this field in Table 2. Octet 3 isa message type ID, and the message type ID identifies a downstreamchannel profile Downstream_Channel_Profile. Octet 4 is a sequence numberfield; for content of this field, refer to Table 2. Octet 5 is a profileversion (Profile version) and profile index (Profile index) field, andthis field is a field for updating a profile when the profile changes.Octet 6 is a downstream wavelength channel ID (Downstream wavelengthchannel ID) field, which represents a downstream wavelength channel ofthe ONU. Octet 7 is a Downstream backup wavelength channel ID field,which represents a downstream backup wavelength channel ID of the ONUand identifies the downstream backup wavelength channel of the ONU. Theother octets numbered n-40 may be padded randomly or padded according tospecified requirements. Descriptions of octets 41-48 are the same asthose in Table 2. Octet 7 is a new field.

The downstream backup wavelength channel ID in the backup wavelengthchannel ID information in Table 3 may be carried in the Downstreambackup wavelength channel ID field of the PLOAM message. In Table 3,except that the backup wavelength channel ID information is a mandatoryfield of the PLOAM message, all other fields are optional.

Further, as shown in Table 4, Table 4 is a PLOAM message in anotherformat. The message format is detailed below.

TABLE 4 Octet Content Description 1-2 ONU-ID Broadcast message to allONUs of one downstream wavelength. As a broadcast to all ONUs, ONU-ID =0x03FF. 3 Message Type Upstream_Channel_Profile (to be assigned) 4 SeqNoBroadcast or Unicast PLOAM sequence number. 5 Profile version If thecontent of the profile changes, and the OLT should ensure that theversion profile index also changes, so that the ONU can detect updatessolely on the basis of the version field. 6 Upstream ID of the upstreamwavelength wavelength channel channel ID 7 Upstream ID of the upstreambackup wavelength backup channel wavelength channel ID . . .  n-40Padding Set to 0x00 by the transmitter; treated as “don't care” by thereceiver. 41-48 MIC Message integrity check

The content in Table 4 shows that octets 1-2 are still an ONU ID field,and its content is the same as the content of this field in Table 2.Octet 3 is a message type ID, and the message type ID identifies anupstream channel profile upstream_Channel_Profile; Octet 4 is a sequencenumber field; for content of this field, refer to Table 2. Octet 5 is aprofile version (Profile version) and profile index (Profile index)field, and this field is a field for updating a profile when the profilechanges. Octet 6 is an upstream wavelength channel ID (Upstreamwavelength channel ID) field, which represents an upstream wavelengthchannel of the ONU. Octet 7 is an upstream backup wavelength channel ID(Upstream backup wavelength channel ID) field, which represents anupstream backup wavelength channel ID of the ONU and is used to identifyan upstream backup wavelength channel of the ONU. The other octetsnumbered n-40 may be padded randomly or padded according to specifiedrequirements. Descriptions of octets 41-48 are the same as those inTable 2. Octet 7 in Table 4 is a new field.

In Table 3 and Table 4 that describe the PLOAM message, operatingwavelength channel ID information (work wavelength channel IDinformation) of the ONU is not described. The operating wavelengthchannel ID information of the ONU may be further padded in anotherunpadded field. The operating wavelength channel ID information isoptional.

In summary, when the backup channel ID information includes downstreambackup wavelength channel ID information and an upstream backupwavelength channel ID, two scenarios exist. A first scenario is: Thebackup channel ID information in the first message delivered by the OLTincludes downstream backup wavelength channel ID information andupstream backup wavelength channel ID information, and therefore thefirst message received by the ONU also includes the foregoing two typesof information.

A second scenario is: The backup channel ID information in the firstmessage delivered by the OLT includes only the downstream backupwavelength channel ID information. In this case, the OLT may furthersend a second message to the ONU, where the second message carries theupstream backup wavelength channel ID information, and the ONU alsoneeds to receive the second message that carries the upstream backupwavelength channel ID information. For a format of the second message,reference may be made to Table 4 and corresponding descriptions in Table4, and details are not repeated herein.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of the presentinvention, an order and positions of the content of the octets in Table3 and Table 4 are changeable. For example, octets 1-2 represent backupwavelength channel ID (Backup wavelength channel ID) information, andoctet 5 is used to represent an ONU ID, which may change randomlywithout being limited to the foregoing form so long as it is ensuredthat at least one octet in the PLOAM message represents the backupwavelength channel ID (Backup wavelength channel ID) information. Inaddition, in all the foregoing PLOAM message formats, except that thebackup wavelength channel ID information is a mandatory field of themessage format, all other fields are optional.

S404. The ONUs receive the first message, and perform preconfigurationaccording to the backup wavelength channel ID information in the firstmessage.

Specifically, in the networking architecture diagram in FIG. 3, afterreceiving the first message, the ONUs prestore the backup wavelengthchannel ID information that is in the first message. In the architectureshown in FIG. 3, the backup wavelength channel ID information stored bythe ONUs is all the same. The backup wavelength channel ID informationis preconfigured in the ONUs. Therefore, after detecting a fault, an ONUswitches to a backup wavelength channel corresponding to thepreconfigured backup wavelength channel ID information.

By using the PLOOM message in Table 2 to Table 4, the backup wavelengthchannel ID information is carried in the message and delivered to theONUs. Therefore, according to the message, the ONUs preconfigure thebackup wavelength channel corresponding to the backup wavelength channelID information. In this way, when detecting a fault, an ONU can quicklyswitch to the backup wavelength channel, thereby reducing interruptiontime and improving reliability of a system.

S406. When detecting a fault, the active OLT disables working port 0 ofthe active OLT; a standby OLT is enabled to communicate with the ONUs.

Specifically, when the active OLT communicates with the ONUs normally,the active OLT receives and transmits data by using working port 0, andstandby port 1 of the standby OLT is in a sending-disabled andreceiving-enabled state, that is, by using standby port 1, the standbyOLT can synchronously receive data sent by the ONUs but is forbiddenfrom sending data to the ONUs.

When detecting a fault, the active OLT determines that working port 0 ofthe active OLT is faulty or that a feeder fiber between the active OLTand an optical splitter is faulty. Then, the OLT disables working port 0of the active OLT so that the OLT is forbidden from sending data to theONUs. In this case, after a fault occurs, the standby OLT enablesreceiving and transmitting of data, that is, enables a data sendingfunction, and periodically sends consecutive downstream data to the ONUsby using standby port 1.

S408. The ONUs detect the fault, and switch, according to preconfiguredbackup wavelength channel ID information, operating wavelength channelsto a backup wavelength channel corresponding to the backup wavelengthchannel ID information.

Specifically, based on the networking architecture in FIG. 3, after theactive OLT is switched to the standby OLT, the ONUs all switch to thesame backup wavelength channel and send data in a time divisionmultiplexing manner.

S410. The ONUs receive, over the standby wavelength channel, data sentby the standby OLT, and perform data synchronization processing and thenrecover data communication.

Over the downstream backup wavelength channel corresponding to thedownstream backup wavelength channel ID information, the ONUs receivedata that is delivered by the OLT in a broadcast manner; over theupstream backup wavelength channel corresponding to the upstream backupwavelength channel ID information, the ONUs send data to the standby OLTin a time division manner. Therefore, data communication between theONUs and the standby OLT is recovered.

In this embodiment of the present invention, an ONU performspreconfiguration according to backup wavelength channel ID informationsent by an OLT. When the ONU detects a fault, according to preconfiguredbackup wavelength channel information, the ONU quickly switches its ownoperating wavelength channel to a backup wavelength channelcorresponding to the backup wavelength channel information so as toperform data communication over the switched-to backup wavelengthchannel, thereby implementing fast protection switching of a passiveoptical network system and improving reliability of the system.

Embodiment 2

As shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is another compositional architecture diagramof active/standby switching. The structure of OLT 0 in FIG. 5 is thesame as the structure of the active OLT, that is, OLT 0, in FIG. 3. Fora specific structure of OLT 0, refer to the description of FIG. 3, andno repeated description is given herein.

In the active/standby switching architecture diagram of FIG. 5, OLT 0predetermines a protection relationship between operating wavelengthchannels of OLT 0. For example, operating wavelength channel 2 of theOLT is used as a backup wavelength channel of operating wavelengthchannel 3. That is, a protection relationship is established betweenoperating wavelength channel 2 and operating wavelength channel 3. Theprotection relationship is represented by operating wavelength channelID information and backup wavelength channel ID information in a PLOAMmessage, and the message is delivered to all ONUs.

After receiving the message, ONU 3 that uses operating wavelengthchannel 3 uses operating wavelength channel 2 as its own backupwavelength channel. When detecting a fault, ONU 3 switches the operatingwavelength channel of ONU 3 to operating wavelength channel 2 to receiveand transmit data. Because all transceivers of OLT 0 work on fixedoperating wavelength channels, when detecting a fault, OLT 0 disablestransceiver 3 and uses other transceivers such as transceiver 1,transceiver 2, and transceiver 4 to receive and transmit data.

Based on the architecture in FIG. 5, the passive optical networkcommunications method is described below, as shown in FIG. 6:

S602. OLT 0 broadcasts a first message to all ONUs, where the firstmessage carries backup wavelength channel ID information.

Before step S602, OLT 0 itself presets a correspondence betweenoperating wavelength channel ID information and backup wavelengthchannel ID information of transceivers of the ONUs, and delivers thecorrespondence to the ONUs, where the correspondence may be determinedby mutual selection from existing operating wavelength channel IDinformation, that is, mutual backup is implemented. For example, thecorrespondence table may include: Work wavelength channel 3 andoperating wavelength channel 2 used by ONU 3 are mutual backups. OLT 0uses operating wavelength channel 2 as a backup wavelength channel ofONU 3, which is delivered by being carried in the first message.According to the preconfigured correspondence, OLT 0 delivers the backupchannel ID information and the like to the ONUs in the format of thefirst message, so that all the ONUs perform the correspondingpreconfiguration.

Further, a PLOAM message is used as an example of the first message tocarry the backup wavelength channel ID information. Table 5 shows aspecific PLOAM message format that carries the backup wavelength channelID information:

TABLE 5 Octet Content Description 1-2 ONU-ID Broadcast message to allONUs of one downstream wavelength. As a broadcast to all ONUs, ONU-ID =0x03FF. 3 Message type ID Protect-pair-configure 4 SeqNo Broadcast orUnicast PLOAM sequence number. 5 0000 000C Protect-pair-quantity 6 WorkDDDD: ID of a downstream operating wavelength wavelength channel (ID ofwork channel ID downstream wavelength channel) information UUUU: ID ofan upstream operating wavelength channel (ID of work upstream wavelengthchannel) 7 Backup AAAA: ID of downstream backup wavelength wavelengthchannel (ID of downstream channel ID backup wavelength channel)information BBBB: ID of upstream backup wavelength channel (ID ofupstream backup wavelength channel) . . .  n-40 Padding Set to 0x00 bythe transmitter; treated as “don't care” by the receiver. 41-48 MICMessage integrity check.

In Table 5, octets 1-2 in the PLOAM message are an ONU ID field, and aregenerally padded with 0X03FF for a broadcast message, which is notlimited thereto. Octet 3 is a message type field and isprotect-pair-configure (protect-pair-configure), and this octet is a newfield. Octet 4 is a sequence number of a broadcast or unicast PLOAMmessage. Octet 5 is 0000 000C, and is used to identify aprotect-pair-quantity. The protect-pair-quantity is primarily used toidentify a quantity of operating wavelength channels identified byoperating wavelength channel IDs and backup wavelength channelsidentified by backup wavelength channel IDs in octets 6-n. Octet 6 inTable 5 is operating wavelength channel ID (operating wavelength channelID) information, which may specifically include: ID of a downstreamwavelength channel (ID of downstream wavelength channel), used toidentify an operating wavelength channel used by the ONU in a downstreamdirection, where the operating wavelength channel may be specificallyidentified in a DDDD manner; and ID of an upstream wavelength channel(ID of upstream wavelength channel), used to identify an operatingwavelength channel used by the ONU in an upstream direction, where theoperating wavelength channel may be specifically identified in a UUUUmanner. Octet 7 is backup wavelength channel ID (Backup wavelengthchannel ID) information, which may specifically include: ID of adownstream backup wavelength channel (ID of downstream backup wavelengthchannel), used to identify a downstream backup wavelength channel usedby the ONU, where the downstream backup wavelength channel may bespecifically identified in an AAAA manner; and ID of an upstream backupwavelength channel (ID of upstream backup wavelength channel), used toidentify an upstream backup wavelength channel used by the ONU, wherethe upstream backup wavelength channel may be specifically identified ina BBBB manner. Octets n-40 may be padded with 0X00. Octets 41-48 areused for message integrity check. Octet 3 and octets 5-7 are new fields.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of the presentinvention, an order and positions of the content of the octets in Table5 are changeable. For example, octets 1-2 represent backup wavelengthchannel ID (Backup wavelength channel ID) information, octet 5 is usedto represent an ONU ID, which may change randomly without being limitedto the foregoing form so long as at least one or more octets in thePLOAM message represents backup wavelength channel ID (Backup wavelengthchannel ID) information. In addition, in all the foregoing PLOAM messageformats, except that the backup wavelength channel ID is a mandatoryfield of the message format, all other fields are optional.

The protect-pair-quantity field here is used to identify a quantity ofwavelength protection pairs. The wavelength protection pair includes theoperating wavelength channel identified by the operating wavelengthchannel ID and the backup wavelength channel identified by the backupwavelength channel ID, where the operating wavelength channelspecifically includes the upstream operating wavelength channelidentified by the upstream operating wavelength channel ID and thedownstream operating wavelength channel identified by the downstreamoperating wavelength channel ID. The backup wavelength channel includesthe upstream backup wavelength channel identified by the upstream backupwavelength channel ID and the downstream backup wavelength channelidentified by the downstream backup wavelength channel ID. It should beunderstood that in Embodiment 2, the PLOAM message includes operatingwavelength channel ID information and backup wavelength channel IDinformation. After detecting a fault, the ONU needs to performwavelength channel switching according to the backup wavelength channelID information, and the wavelength channel switching requires matchingto corresponding backup wavelength channel ID information according tothe operating wavelength channel ID information, so that the wavelengthchannel switching can be performed with the backup wavelength channelcorresponding to the backup wavelength channel ID information.

S604. The ONUs receive the first message, and perform preconfigurationaccording to the backup wavelength channel ID information in the firstmessage.

Specifically, in the networking architecture diagram in FIG. 5, afterreceiving the first message, the ONUs preconfigure the backup wavelengthchannel ID information in the first message. In the architecture shownin FIG. 5, the first message carries information such as the backupwavelength channel ID information of the ONUs. The ONUs each matchcorresponding backup wavelength channel ID information according to theoperating wavelength channel ID information of themselves, and performpreconfiguration so that once a fault is detected, the ONUs switch tothe backup wavelength channels corresponding to the preconfigured backupwavelength channel ID information.

S606. When detecting a fault, OLT 0 disables a faulty transceiver in OLT0.

Specifically, OLT 0 detects the fault, and disables the faultytransceiver so that the ONUs are unable to receive data and furtherdetect the fault.

S608. an ONU detects the fault, and switches, according to preconfiguredbackup wavelength channel ID information, an operating wavelengthchannel to a backup wavelength channel corresponding to the backupwavelength channel ID information.

Specifically, based on the architecture in FIG. 5, for example, when aport of transceiver 3 of OLT 0 is faulty, the port of transceiver 3 isdisabled. Correspondingly, because ONU 3 is unable to receive downstreamdata, a fault occurs. According to the preconfigured backup wavelengthchannel ID information, ONU 3 finds the backup wavelength channel IDinformation of ONU 3 according to the operating wavelength channel IDinformation of ONU 3, and further switches the operating wavelengthchannel of ONU 3 to the backup wavelength channel corresponding to thebackup wavelength channel ID information. Based on the downstream backupwavelength channel of the switched-to backup wavelength channel, ONU 3receives data sent by the OLT, and over the upstream backup wavelengthchannel of the switched-to backup wavelength channel, ONU 3 sends datato the OLT.

S610. The ONU receives, over the standby wavelength channel, data sentby the standby OLT, and recovers data communication.

Using ONU 3 in step S608 as an example, based on the downstream backupwavelength channel of the switched-to backup wavelength channel, ONU 3receives data sent by the OLT, and over the upstream backup wavelengthchannel of the switched-to backup wavelength channel, ONU 3 sends datato the OLT.

In this embodiment of the present invention, an ONU performspreconfiguration according to backup wavelength channel ID informationsent by an OLT. When the ONU detects a fault, according to preconfiguredbackup wavelength channel information, the ONU quickly switches its ownoperating wavelength channel to a backup wavelength channelcorresponding to the backup wavelength channel information so as toperform data communication over the switched-to backup wavelengthchannel, thereby implementing fast protection switching of a passiveoptical network system and improving reliability of the system.

Embodiment 3

As shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 7 is another compositional architecture diagramof active/standby switching. For the structure of OLT 0 in FIG. 7,reference may be made to the structure of the active OLT, that is, OLT0, in FIG. 3.

The structure of an ONU in FIG. 7 is different from the structure of anONU in FIG. 3. Each ONU supports two transceivers. If the twotransceivers use different transmit and receive wavelengths, each ONUcan work on two different wavelength channels simultaneously. In thisway, OLT 0 can adjust traffic volumes on the two different wavelengthchannels of the ONU flexibly according to load conditions of thewavelength channels, thereby achieving a purpose of load balance.

Any one ONU includes at least 2 transceivers. The transceivers work ontwo different operating wavelength channels. For example, ONU 1 includestransceiver 1 and transceiver 2; transceiver 1 works on operatingwavelength channel 1, where operating wavelength channel 1 uses anupstream operating wavelength λup1 and a downstream operating wavelengthλdn1; and transceiver 2 works on operating wavelength channel 2, whereoperating wavelength channel 2 uses an upstream operating wavelengthλup2 and a downstream operating wavelength λdn2. The operatingwavelength channel is identified by an operating wavelength channel ID.For example, an operating wavelength channel ID 1 identifies operatingwavelength channel 1.

The operating wavelength channel information of one of the transceiversof the ONU here is configured according to the backup wavelength channelID information carried in a first message delivered by OLT 0.

The following describes a processing process of an ONU in detail. FIG. 8is a schematic flowchart of still another passive optical networkcommunications method according to an embodiment of the presentinvention:

S802. OLT 0 sends a first message to an ONU, where the first messagecarries backup wavelength channel ID information.

It should be understood that OLT 0 here delivers the message to aspecified ONU in a unicast manner. That is, the first message deliveredby the OLT includes ONU ID information of the specified ONU, indicatingthat the first message is to be sent to the ONU corresponding to the ONUID.

S804. The specified ONU receives the first message, and configures itstransceivers according to the first message.

Specifically, the ONU has at least two transceivers. During theconfiguration, the operating wavelength channel of another transceiverof the ONU is configured according to the backup wavelength channel IDinformation carried in the first message delivered by OLT 0. Forexample, at least two transceivers are configured for ONU 3: transceiver1 and transceiver 3. In normal communication, ONU 3 performs datacommunication with transceiver 3 of OLT 0 by using transceiver 3. ONU 3uses transceiver 3 to receive the first message delivered by the OLT.ONU 3 uses the backup wavelength channel, which is included in thebackup wavelength channel ID information in the first message, as anoperating wavelength channel of another transceiver 1. That is, theupstream operating wavelength of transceiver 1 of ONU 3 is set to thewavelength λup1 used by the upstream backup wavelength channelcorresponding to the upstream backup wavelength channel ID, and thedownstream operating wavelength of transceiver 1 is set to thewavelength λdn1 used by the downstream backup wavelength channelcorresponding to the downstream backup wavelength channel ID.

In normal communication, both transceivers of the ONU can receive datasent by OLT 0.

Here, because the two transceivers of each ONU use different wavelengthchannel information, the OLT delivers the first message to the specifiedONU in a unicast manner, where the first message carries differentinformation. Specifically, a PLOAM message is used as an example of thefirst message received by a specified ONU. For a format of the message,refer to Table 6.

TABLE 6 Octet Content Description 1-2 ONU-ID Unicast ONU-ID for sendingto a specified ONU 3 Message Protect-pair-configure(protect-pair-configure) type ID 4 SeqNo Broadcast or Unicast PLOAMsequence number. 5 0000 000C Protect-pair-quantity 6 Work DDDD: ID of adownstream operating wave- wavelength length channel (ID of workdownstream channel wavelength channel) ID information UUUU: ID of anupstream operating wavelength channel (ID of work upstream wavelengthchannel) 7 Backup AAAA: ID of downstream back up wavelength wavelengthchannel (ID of downstream backup wave- channel length channel) IDinformation BBBB: ID of upstream protection wavelength channel (ID ofupstream backup wavelength . . . channel) n-40 Padding Set to 0x00 bythe transmitter; treated as “don't care” by the receiver. Octet ContentDescription

The ONU ID in octets 1-2 in Table 6 is ID information of an ONUspecified to receive the unicast message, because this is a unicastmessage, and is used to identify the specified ONU. Octet 3 is a messagetype ID, and its message content is protect-pair-configure. In anoriginal PLOAM message, this message type ID is not defined. Therefore,this octet is a new message type. The protect-pair-quantity in octet 5is also optional in this embodiment, and is used to identify a quantityof wavelength protection pairs. Content of octets 6-7 is the same asthat in Table 5, and includes operating wavelength channel IDinformation and backup wavelength channel ID information. The operatingwavelength channel ID information in octet 6 is optional in Embodiment3. Because the PLOAM message delivered by the OLT here is delivered to aspecified ONU, the message needs only to carry the backup wavelengthchannel ID information of the specified ONU. After receiving themessage, the specified ONU performs wavelength channel preconfigurationfor another transceiver of the ONU according to the backup wavelengthchannel ID information in the message. That is, the another transceiverof the ONU uses the backup wavelength channel corresponding to thebackup wavelength channel ID information as an operating wavelengthchannel, and the another transceiver of the ONU is used for datacommunication when the ONU detects a fault. The octets n-40 are paddingoctets, and octets 41-48 are a message integrity check field.

S806. When the specified ONU detects a fault, the ONU disables one ofthe transceivers and performs data communication by using anothertransceiver.

Using ONU 3 as an example, when ONU 3 detects a fault, transceiver 3 ofONU 3 is disabled and data on a wavelength channel used by transceiver 3is switched to transceiver 1 of ONU 3, and a wavelength channel used bytransceiver 1 is used to receive and transmit data. Specifically, adownstream operating wavelength channel of transceiver 1 is used toreceive data, and an upstream operating wavelength channel oftransceiver 1 is used to transmit data.

In this embodiment of the present invention, an ONU performspreconfiguration according to backup wavelength channel ID informationsent by an OLT. When the ONU detects a fault, data communication isperformed over an operating wavelength channel of another transceiver,thereby implementing fast protection switching of a passive opticalnetwork system and improving reliability of the system.

An apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shownin FIG. 9.

A passive optical network communications apparatus 90 is provided, wherethe apparatus includes:

a first communications unit 902, configured to: receive a first messagesent by an optical line terminal, where the first message carries backupwavelength channel ID information; and perform data communication overthe switched-to backup wavelength channel; and

a first processing unit 904, configured to: when an optical network unitdetects a fault, switch, according to the first message received by thefirst communications unit, an operating wavelength channel of theoptical network unit to a backup wavelength channel identified by thebackup wavelength channel ID information.

The communications apparatus may be an ONU, and corresponds to the ONUin FIG. 1.

For specific functions of the ONU, refer to the specific description inthe method embodiments in FIG. 1 to FIG. 8, and no repeated descriptionis given herein.

The first communications unit may be a transceiver of the ONU. The firstprocessing unit may be a MAC or a microprocessor, and the firstprocessing unit may be implemented on a chip.

The first message includes a message type ID (Message type ID) field anda message content field, where the message type ID field of the firstmessage is a channel profile field, a system profile field or aprotect-pair-configure field, and the message content field includes thebackup wavelength channel ID information.

The backup wavelength channel ID information includes a downstreambackup wavelength channel ID.

The first processing unit is specifically configured to switch adownstream operating wavelength channel in operating wavelength channelsof the optical network unit to a downstream backup wavelength channelidentified by the downstream backup wavelength channel ID.

The backup wavelength channel ID information includes an upstream backupwavelength channel ID.

The first processing unit is specifically configured to switch anupstream operating wavelength channel in operating wavelength channelsof the optical network unit to an upstream backup wavelength channelidentified by the upstream backup wavelength channel ID.

The backup wavelength channel ID information includes a downstreambackup wavelength channel ID and an upstream backup wavelength channelID.

The first processing unit is specifically configured to: switch adownstream operating wavelength channel in operating wavelength channelsof the optical network unit to a downstream backup wavelength channelidentified by the downstream backup wavelength channel ID; and switch anupstream operating wavelength channel in the operating wavelengthchannels of the optical network unit to an upstream backup wavelengthchannel identified by the upstream backup wavelength channel ID.

The message content field further includes operating wavelength channelID information, where the operating wavelength channel ID informationcorresponds to the backup wavelength channel ID information, and theoperating wavelength channel ID information includes an operatingwavelength channel ID.

The first processing unit is specifically configured to: according toits own operating wavelength channel, match an operating wavelengthchannel identified by the operating wavelength channel ID in the messagecontent field; according to the matched operating wavelength channel,determine a backup wavelength channel identified by a backup wavelengthchannel ID; and switch the operating wavelength channel of the opticalnetwork unit to the backup wavelength channel.

The message content field further includes a protect-pair-quantity usedto indicate a quantity of backup wavelength channel IDs carried in themessage content field, where the backup wavelength channel IDs includethe downstream backup wavelength channel ID and the upstream backupwavelength channel ID.

The first communications unit is further configured to receive a secondmessage sent by the optical line terminal, where the second messageincludes a message type ID (Message type ID) field and a message contentfield, where the message type ID field of the second message is achannel profile ID field, a system profile field or aprotect-pair-configure field, and the message content field includes anupstream backup wavelength channel ID.

The first processing unit is further configured to switch an upstreamoperating wavelength channel in the operating wavelength channels of theoptical network unit to an upstream backup wavelength channel identifiedby the upstream backup wavelength channel ID in the second message.

Evidently, in this embodiment of the present invention, an ONU performspreconfiguration according to the backup wavelength channel IDinformation sent by the OLT. When the ONU detects a fault, according topreconfigured backup wavelength channel information, the ONU quicklyswitches its own operating wavelength channel to a backup wavelengthchannel corresponding to the backup wavelength channel information so asto perform data communication over the switched-to backup wavelengthchannel, thereby implementing fast protection switching of a passiveoptical network system and improving reliability of the system.

As shown in FIG. 10, an embodiment of the present invention furtherprovides a passive optical network communications apparatus 100, whosespecific structure is described below:

The communications apparatus 100 includes:

a second processing unit 1002, configured to generate a first message,where the first message carries backup wavelength channel IDinformation, where the backup wavelength channel ID information is usedto instruct to switch, when an optical network unit detects a fault, anoperating wavelength channel of the optical network unit to a backupwavelength channel identified by the backup wavelength channel IDinformation; and

a second communications unit 1004, configured to send the first messageto the optical network unit.

The communications apparatus may be an OLT, and corresponds to the OLTin FIG. 1.

For specific functions of the ONUS, refer to the specific description inthe method embodiments in FIG. 1 to FIG. 8, and no repeated descriptionis given herein.

The second communications unit may be a transceiver of the OLT. Thesecond processing unit may be a MAC or a microprocessor, and functionsof the second processing unit may be implemented on a chip of the OLT.

Further, the first message includes a message type ID field and amessage content field, where the message type ID field of the firstmessage is a channel profile field, a system profile field or aprotect-pair-configure field, and the message content field includes thebackup wavelength channel ID information.

Further, the backup wavelength channel ID information includes adownstream backup wavelength channel ID, where the downstream backupwavelength channel ID is used to instruct to switch a downstreamoperating wavelength channel of the optical network unit to a downstreambackup wavelength channel identified by the downstream backup wavelengthchannel ID.

Further, the backup wavelength channel ID information includes anupstream backup wavelength channel ID, where the upstream backupwavelength channel ID is used to instruct to switch an upstreamoperating wavelength channel of the optical network unit to an upstreambackup wavelength channel identified by the upstream backup wavelengthchannel ID.

Further, the backup wavelength channel ID information includes adownstream backup wavelength channel ID and an upstream backupwavelength channel ID.

The downstream backup wavelength channel ID is used to instruct toswitch a downstream operating wavelength channel of the optical networkunit to a downstream backup wavelength channel identified by thedownstream backup wavelength channel ID.

The upstream backup wavelength channel ID is used to instruct to switchan upstream operating wavelength channel of the optical network unit toan upstream backup wavelength channel identified by the upstream backupwavelength channel ID.

The message content field further includes operating wavelength channelID information, where the operating wavelength channel ID informationcorresponds to the backup wavelength channel ID information, and theoperating wavelength channel ID information includes an operatingwavelength channel ID, where the operating wavelength channel ID is usedto instruct the optical network unit to: match an operating wavelengthchannel identified by the operating wavelength channel ID; according tothe matched operating wavelength channel, determine a backup wavelengthchannel identified by a backup wavelength channel ID; and switch theoperating wavelength channel of the optical network unit to the backupwavelength channel.

Further, the message content field further includes aprotect-pair-quantity used to indicate a quantity of backup wavelengthchannel IDs in the message content field, where the backup wavelengthchannel IDs include the downstream backup wavelength channel ID and theupstream backup wavelength channel ID.

Further, the second control unit is further configured to generate asecond message, where the second message includes a message type ID(Message type ID) field and a message content field, where the messagetype ID field of the second message is a channel profile field, a systemprofile field or a protect-pair-configure field, and the message contentfield includes an upstream backup wavelength channel ID, where theupstream backup wavelength channel ID is used to instruct the opticalnetwork unit to switch an upstream operating wavelength channel inoperating wavelength channels of the optical network unit to an upstreambackup wavelength channel identified by the upstream backup wavelengthchannel ID in the second message.

The second communications unit is further configured to send the secondmessage to an optical line terminal.

In this embodiment of the present invention, an OLT sends backupwavelength channel ID information to an ONU so that the ONU performspreconfiguration. When the ONU detects a fault, according topreconfigured backup wavelength channel information, the ONU quicklyswitches its own operating wavelength channel to a backup wavelengthchannel corresponding to the backup wavelength channel information so asto perform data communication over the switched-to backup wavelengthchannel, thereby implementing fast protection switching of a passiveoptical network system and improving reliability of the system.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a communicationsapparatus 110, as shown in FIG. 11.

The communications apparatus 110 includes a processor 1102, a memory1104, and a bus system 1106, where the processor 1102 is connected tothe memory 1104 by using the bus system 1106, the memory 1104 isconfigured to store an instruction, and the processor 1102 is configuredto execute the instruction stored by the memory 1104. The processor 1102is configured to generate a first message, where the first messagecarries backup wavelength channel ID information, where the backupwavelength channel ID information is used to instruct to switch, when anoptical network unit detects a fault, an operating wavelength channel ofthe optical network unit to a backup wavelength channel identified bythe backup wavelength channel ID information.

Further, for specific functions of the processor 1102, reference may bemade to the specific functions of the second processing unit 1002 in thecommunications apparatus 100 in FIG. 10 of the apparatus embodiment, andno repeated description is given herein.

Therefore, the communications apparatus in this embodiment of thepresent invention is configured to generate a first message, where thefirst message carries backup wavelength channel ID information, wherethe backup wavelength channel ID information is used to instruct toswitch, when an optical network unit detects a fault, an operatingwavelength channel of the optical network unit to a backup wavelengthchannel identified by the backup wavelength channel ID information,thereby implementing fast protection switching of a passive opticalnetwork system and improving reliability of the system.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of the presentinvention, the processor 1102 may be a central processing unit (CentralProcessing Unit, “CPU” for short), and the processor 1102 may also beanother general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), anapplication-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmablegate array (FPGA) or other programmable logical device, a discrete gateor transistor logical device, a discrete hardware assembly, or the like.The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processormay also be any conventional processor or the like.

The memory 1104 may include a read-only memory and a random accessmemory, and provide instructions and data for the processor 1102. A partof the memory 1104 may further include a non-volatile random accessmemory. For example, the memory 1104 may further store device typeinformation.

The bus system 1106 may include not only a data bus but also a powersupply bus, a control bus, a status signal bus and the like. However,for clear description, various buses are denoted by the bus system 1106in the diagram.

In an implementation process, steps of the foregoing methods may beimplemented by using an integrated logical circuit in a hardware form orinstructions in a software form in the processor 1102. Steps of themethods disclosed with reference to the embodiments of the presentinvention may be directly executed and accomplished by means of ahardware processor, or may be executed and accomplished by using acombination of hardware and software modules in the processor. Thesoftware module may be located in a mature storage medium in the field,such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, aprogrammable read-only memory, an electrically-erasable programmablememory or a register. The storage medium is located in the memory 1104,and the processor 1104 reads information in the memory 1104 andimplements, in combination with its hardware, the steps of the foregoingmethods. To avoid repetition, no detailed description is given hereinagain.

The present invention further provides a passive optical network system.Referring to FIG. 1, the passive optical network system at leastincludes an OLT and ONUs. The OLT is connected to the ONUs via anoptical splitter (splitter). For functions implemented by the OLT, referto FIG. 9 of the apparatus embodiments and corresponding description ofFIG. 9; and for functions implemented by the ONUs, refer to FIG. 10 ofthe apparatus embodiments and corresponding description of FIG. 10.Specifically:

The OLT is configured to generate a first message, where the firstmessage carries backup wavelength channel ID information, where thebackup wavelength channel ID information is used to instruct to switch,when an optical network unit detects a fault, an operating wavelengthchannel of the optical network unit to a backup wavelength channelidentified by the backup wavelength channel ID information; and send thefirst message to the optical network unit.

The ONU is configured to: receive a first message sent by an opticalline terminal, where the first message carries backup wavelength channelID information;

switch, by the optical network unit when the optical network unitdetects a fault, an operating wavelength channel of the optical networkunit to a backup wavelength channel identified by the backup wavelengthchannel ID information; and

perform, by the optical network unit, data communication over theswitched-to backup wavelength channel.

For specific formats of the first message and the second message, referto the specific description in the corresponding embodiments in FIG. 2to FIG. 8 in the method embodiments, and no repeated description isgiven herein.

In the passive optical network system provided in this embodiment of thepresent invention, an optical network unit receives a first message sentby an optical line terminal, where the first message carries backupwavelength channel ID information; when the optical network unit detectsa fault, the optical network unit switches an operating wavelengthchannel of the optical network unit to a backup wavelength channelidentified by the backup wavelength channel ID information; and theoptical network unit performs data communication over the switched-tobackup wavelength channel, thereby implementing fast protectionswitching of a passive optical network system and improving reliabilityof the system.

The present invention further provides a passive optical network system.Referring to FIG. 1, the passive optical network system at leastincludes an OLT and ONUs. The OLT is connected to the ONUs via anoptical splitter (splitter). For functions implemented by the OLT, referto FIG. 11 of the apparatus embodiments and corresponding description ofFIG. 11; and for functions implemented by the ONU, refer to FIG. 10 ofthe apparatus embodiments and corresponding description of FIG. 10.Specifically:

The OLT includes a processor, a memory, and a bus system, where theprocessor is connected to the memory by using the bus system, the memoryis configured to store an instruction, and the processor is configuredto execute the instruction stored by the memory.

The processor is configured to generate a first message, where the firstmessage carries backup wavelength channel ID information, where thebackup wavelength channel ID information is used to instruct to switch,when an optical network unit detects a fault, an operating wavelengthchannel of the optical network unit to a backup wavelength channelidentified by the backup wavelength channel ID information.

The ONU is configured to: receive a first message sent by an opticalline terminal, where the first message carries backup wavelength channelID information;

switch, by the optical network unit when the optical network unitdetects a fault, an operating wavelength channel of the optical networkunit to a backup wavelength channel identified by the backup wavelengthchannel ID information; and

perform, by the optical network unit, data communication over theswitched-to backup wavelength channel.

In this embodiment of the present invention, an ONU performspreconfiguration according to backup wavelength channel ID informationsent by an OLT. When the ONU detects a fault, according to preconfiguredbackup wavelength channel information, the ONU quickly switches its ownoperating wavelength channel to a backup wavelength channelcorresponding to the backup wavelength channel information so as toperform data communication over the switched-to backup wavelengthchannel, thereby implementing fast protection switching of a passiveoptical network system and improving reliability of the system.

In the foregoing embodiments, the description of each embodiment hasrespective focuses. For a part that is not described in detail in anembodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions in otherembodiments.

It should be noted that, for ease of description, the foregoing methodembodiments are described as a series of action combinations. However, aperson skilled in the art should understand that the present inventionis not limited to the described sequence of the actions, because somesteps may be performed in another sequence or performed at the same timeaccording to the present invention. In addition, a person skilled in theart should also understand that all the embodiments described in thisspecification belong to exemplary embodiments, and the involved actionsand modules are not necessarily mandatory to the present invention.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, itshould be understood that the disclosed apparatus may be implemented inother manners. For example, the described apparatus embodiment is merelyexemplary. For example, the unit division is merely logical functiondivision and may be other division in actual implementation. Forexample, a plurality of units or components may be combined orintegrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or notperformed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings ordirect couplings or communication connections may be implemented throughsome interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connectionsbetween the apparatuses or units may be implemented in electronic orother forms.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physicallyseparate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units,may be located in one position, or may be distributed on a plurality ofnetwork units. Some or all of the units may be selected according toactual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of theembodiments.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the presentinvention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each of theunits may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integratedinto one unit. The integrated unit may be implemented in a form ofhardware, or may be implemented in a form of a software functional unit.

When the foregoing integrated unit is implemented in the form of asoftware functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, theintegrated unit may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.Based on such an understanding, the technical solutions of the presentinvention essentially, or the part contributing to the prior art, or allor a part of the technical solutions may be implemented in the form of asoftware product. The software product is stored in a storage medium andincludes several instructions for instructing a computer device (whichmay be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, and mayspecifically be a processor in a computer device) to perform all or apart of the steps of the foregoing methods described in the embodimentsof the present invention. The foregoing storage medium may include: anymedium that can store program code, such as a USB flash drive, aremovable hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disc, a read-onlymemory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), or a random access memory (RAM, RandomAccess Memory).

The foregoing embodiments are merely intended for describing thetechnical solutions of the present invention, but not for limiting thepresent invention. Although the present invention is described in detailwith reference to the foregoing embodiments, persons of ordinary skillin the art should understand that they may still make modifications tothe technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or makeequivalent replacements to some technical features thereof, withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of theembodiments of the present invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A passive optical network communications methodcomprising: receiving, by an optical network unit, a first message sentby an optical line terminal, wherein the first message carries backupwavelength channel ID information; switching, by the optical networkunit when the optical network unit detects a fault, an operatingwavelength channel of the optical network unit to a backup wavelengthchannel identified by the backup wavelength channel ID information; andperforming, by the optical network unit, data communication over thebackup wavelength channel.
 2. The communications method according toclaim 1, wherein the first message comprises a message type ID field anda message content field, wherein the message type ID field of the firstmessage is a channel profile field, a system profile field or aprotect-pair-configure field, and the message content field comprisesthe backup wavelength channel ID information.
 3. The communicationsmethod according to claim 1, wherein the backup wavelength channel IDinformation comprises a downstream backup wavelength channel ID; and theswitching, by the optical network unit, the operating wavelength channelof the optical network unit to the backup wavelength channel identifiedby the backup wavelength channel ID information comprises: switching, bythe optical network unit, a downstream operating wavelength channel inoperating wavelength channels of the optical network unit to adownstream backup wavelength channel identified by the downstream backupwavelength channel ID.
 4. The communications method according to claim3, further comprising: receiving a second message sent by the opticalline terminal, wherein the second message comprises a message type IDfield and a message content field, wherein the message type ID field ofthe second message is a channel profile ID field, a system profile fieldor a protect-pair-configure field, and the message content fieldcomprises an upstream backup wavelength channel ID; wherein theswitching, by the optical network unit, the operating wavelength channelof the optical network unit to the backup wavelength channel identifiedby the backup wavelength channel ID information comprises: switching, bythe optical network unit, an upstream operating wavelength channel inthe operating wavelength channels of the optical network unit to anupstream backup wavelength channel identified by the upstream backupwavelength channel ID in the second message.
 5. The communicationsmethod according to claim 1, wherein the backup wavelength channel IDinformation comprises an upstream backup wavelength channel ID; and theswitching, by the optical network unit, the operating wavelength channelof the optical network unit to the backup wavelength channel identifiedby the backup wavelength channel ID information comprises: switching, bythe optical network unit, an upstream operating wavelength channel inoperating wavelength channels of the optical network unit to an upstreambackup wavelength channel identified by the upstream backup wavelengthchannel ID.
 6. The communications method according to claim 1, whereinthe backup wavelength channel ID information comprises a downstreambackup wavelength channel ID and an upstream backup wavelength channelID; and the switching, by the optical network unit, the operatingwavelength channel of the optical network unit to the backup wavelengthchannel identified by the backup wavelength channel ID informationcomprises: switching, by the optical network unit, a downstreamoperating wavelength channel in operating wavelength channels of theoptical network unit to a downstream backup wavelength channelidentified by the downstream backup wavelength channel ID; andswitching, by the optical network unit, an upstream operating wavelengthchannel in the operating wavelength channels of the optical network unitto an upstream backup wavelength channel identified by the upstreambackup wavelength channel ID.
 7. The communications method according toclaim 1, wherein: the message content field further comprises operatingwavelength channel ID information, wherein the operating wavelengthchannel ID information corresponds to the backup wavelength channel IDinformation, and the operating wavelength channel ID informationcomprises an operating wavelength channel ID; and the switching, by theoptical network unit, the operating wavelength channel of the opticalnetwork unit to the backup wavelength channel identified by the backupwavelength channel ID information comprises: matching, by the opticalnetwork unit according to its own operating wavelength channel, anoperating wavelength channel identified by the operating wavelengthchannel ID in the message content field; determining, by the opticalnetwork unit according to the matched operating wavelength channel, thebackup wavelength channel identified by the backup wavelength channel IDinformation; and switching, by the optical network unit, the operatingwavelength channel of the optical network unit to the backup wavelengthchannel.
 8. The communications method according to claim 1, wherein themessage content field further comprises a protect-pair-quantity used toindicate a quantity of backup wavelength channel IDs carried in themessage content field, wherein the backup wavelength channel IDscomprise the downstream backup wavelength channel ID and the upstreambackup wavelength channel ID.
 9. A passive optical networkcommunications method comprising: generating, by an optical lineterminal, a first message, wherein the first message carries backupwavelength channel ID information, wherein the backup wavelength channelID information is used for switching, when an optical network unitdetects a fault, an operating wavelength channel of the optical networkunit to a backup wavelength channel identified by the backup wavelengthchannel ID information; and sending the first message to the opticalnetwork unit.
 10. The communications method according to claim 9,wherein the first message comprises a message type ID field and amessage content field, wherein the message type ID field of the firstmessage is a channel profile field, a system profile field or aprotect-pair-configure field, and the message content field comprisesthe backup wavelength channel ID information.
 11. The communicationsmethod according to claim 9, wherein the backup wavelength channel IDinformation comprises a downstream backup wavelength channel ID, and thedownstream backup wavelength channel ID is used for: switching adownstream operating wavelength channel of the optical network unit to adownstream backup wavelength channel identified by the downstream backupwavelength channel ID.
 12. The communications method according to claim9, wherein the backup wavelength channel ID information comprises anupstream backup wavelength channel ID, and the upstream backupwavelength channel ID is used for switching an upstream operatingwavelength channel of the optical network unit to an upstream backupwavelength channel identified by the upstream backup wavelength channelID.
 13. The communications method according to claim 12, furthercomprising: sending a second message to the optical line terminal,wherein the second message comprises a message type ID Message type IDfield and a message content field, wherein the message type ID field ofthe second message is a channel profile field, a system profile field ora protect-pair-configure field, and the message content field comprisesan upstream backup wavelength channel ID, wherein the upstream backupwavelength channel ID is used to instruct the optical network unit toswitch an upstream operating wavelength channel in operating wavelengthchannels of the optical network unit to an upstream backup wavelengthchannel identified by the upstream backup wavelength channel ID in thesecond message.
 14. The communications method according to claim 9,wherein: the backup wavelength channel ID information comprises adownstream backup wavelength channel ID and an upstream backupwavelength channel ID; the downstream backup wavelength channel ID isused for switching a downstream operating wavelength channel of theoptical network unit to a downstream backup wavelength channelidentified by the downstream backup wavelength channel ID; and theupstream backup wavelength channel ID is used for switching an upstreamoperating wavelength channel of the optical network unit to an upstreambackup wavelength channel identified by the upstream backup wavelengthchannel ID.
 15. The communications method according to claim 9, whereinthe message content field further comprises operating wavelength channelID information, wherein the operating wavelength channel ID informationcorresponds to the backup wavelength channel ID information, and theoperating wavelength channel ID information comprises an operatingwavelength channel ID, wherein the operating wavelength channel ID isused to instruct the optical network unit to: match an operatingwavelength channel identified by the operating wavelength channel ID;determine, according to the matched operating wavelength channel, abackup wavelength channel identified by a backup wavelength channel ID;and switch the operating wavelength channel of the optical network unitto the backup wavelength channel.
 16. The communications methodaccording to claim 9, wherein the message content field furthercomprises a protect-pair-quantity used to indicate a quantity of backupwavelength channel IDs in the message content field, wherein the backupwavelength channel IDs comprise the downstream backup wavelength channelID and the upstream backup wavelength channel ID.
 17. A passive opticalnetwork communications apparatus comprising: a transceiver configuredto: receive a first message sent by an optical line terminal, whereinthe first message carries backup wavelength channel ID information; andperform data communication over a switched-to backup wavelength channel;and a processor configured to: when an optical network unit detects afault, switch, according to the first message received by the firstcommunications unit, an operating wavelength channel of the opticalnetwork unit to a backup wavelength channel identified by the backupwavelength channel ID information.
 18. The communications apparatusaccording to claim 17, wherein the first message comprises a messagetype ID field and a message content field, wherein the message type IDfield of the first message is a channel profile field, a system profilefield or a protect-pair-configure field, and the message content fieldcomprises the backup wavelength channel ID information.
 19. Thecommunications apparatus according to claim 17, wherein: the backupwavelength channel ID information comprises a downstream backupwavelength channel ID; and the processor is configured to switch adownstream operating wavelength channel in operating wavelength channelsof the optical network unit to a downstream backup wavelength channelidentified by the downstream backup wavelength channel ID.
 20. Thecommunications apparatus according to claim 19, wherein: the transceiveris further configured to receive a second message sent by the opticalline terminal, wherein the second message comprises a message type IDfield and a message content field, wherein the message type ID field ofthe second message is a channel profile ID field, a system profile fieldor a protect-pair-configure field, and the message content fieldcomprises an upstream backup wavelength channel ID; and the processor isfurther configured to switch an upstream operating wavelength channel inthe operating wavelength channels of the optical network unit to anupstream backup wavelength channel identified by the upstream backupwavelength channel ID in the second message.
 21. The communicationsapparatus according to claim 17, wherein: the backup wavelength channelID information comprises an upstream backup wavelength channel ID; andthe processor is configured to switch an upstream operating wavelengthchannel in operating wavelength channels of the optical network unit toan upstream backup wavelength channel identified by the upstream backupwavelength channel ID.
 22. The communications apparatus according toclaim 17, wherein: the backup wavelength channel ID informationcomprises a downstream backup wavelength channel ID and an upstreambackup wavelength channel ID; and the processor is configured to: switcha downstream operating wavelength channel in operating wavelengthchannels of the optical network unit to a downstream backup wavelengthchannel identified by the downstream backup wavelength channel ID; andswitch an upstream operating wavelength channel in the operatingwavelength channels of the optical network unit to an upstream backupwavelength channel identified by the upstream backup wavelength channelID.
 23. The communications apparatus according to claim 17, wherein: themessage content field further comprises operating wavelength channel IDinformation, wherein the operating wavelength channel ID informationcorresponds to the backup wavelength channel ID information, and theoperating wavelength channel ID information comprises an operatingwavelength channel ID; and the processor is configured to: according toits own operating wavelength channel, match an operating wavelengthchannel identified by the operating wavelength channel ID in the messagecontent field; according to the matched operating wavelength channel,determine a backup wavelength channel identified by a backup wavelengthchannel ID; and switch the operating wavelength channel of the opticalnetwork unit to the backup wavelength channel.
 24. The communicationsapparatus according to claim 17, wherein the message content fieldfurther comprises a protect-pair-quantity used to indicate a quantity ofbackup wavelength channel IDs carried in the message content field,wherein the backup wavelength channel IDs comprise the downstream backupwavelength channel ID and the upstream backup wavelength channel ID. 25.A passive optical network communications apparatus comprising: aprocessor configured to generate a first message, wherein the firstmessage carries backup wavelength channel ID information, wherein thebackup wavelength channel ID information is used for switching, when anoptical network unit detects a fault, an operating wavelength channel ofthe optical network unit to a backup wavelength channel identified bythe backup wavelength channel ID information; and a transceiverconfigured to send the first message to the optical network unit. 26.The communications apparatus according to claim 25, wherein the firstmessage comprises a message type ID field and a message content field,wherein the message type ID field of the first message is a channelprofile field, a system profile field or a protect-pair-configure field,and the message content field comprises the backup wavelength channel IDinformation.
 27. The communications apparatus according to claim 25,wherein the backup wavelength channel ID information comprises adownstream backup wavelength channel ID, and wherein the downstreambackup wavelength channel ID is used to: switch a downstream operatingwavelength channel of the optical network unit to a downstream backupwavelength channel identified by the downstream backup wavelengthchannel ID.
 28. The communications apparatus according to claim 27,wherein the second control unit is further configured to generate asecond message, wherein the second message comprises a message type IDMessage type ID field and a message content field, wherein the messagetype ID field of the second message is a channel profile field, a systemprofile field or a protect-pair-configure field, and the message contentfield comprises an upstream backup wavelength channel ID, wherein theupstream backup wavelength channel ID is used to instruct the opticalnetwork unit to switch an upstream operating wavelength channel inoperating wavelength channels of the optical network unit to an upstreambackup wavelength channel identified by the upstream backup wavelengthchannel ID in the second message; and the second communications unit isfurther configured to send the second message to an optical lineterminal.
 29. The communications apparatus according to claim 25,wherein the backup wavelength channel ID information comprises anupstream backup wavelength channel ID, and the upstream backupwavelength channel ID is used to instruct to switch an upstreamoperating wavelength channel of the optical network unit to an upstreambackup wavelength channel identified by the upstream backup wavelengthchannel ID.
 30. The communications apparatus according to claim 25,wherein: the backup wavelength channel ID information comprises adownstream backup wavelength channel ID and an upstream backupwavelength channel ID; the downstream backup wavelength channel ID isused to instruct to switch a downstream operating wavelength channel ofthe optical network unit to a downstream backup wavelength channelidentified by the downstream backup wavelength channel ID; and theupstream backup wavelength channel ID is used to instruct to switch anupstream operating wavelength channel of the optical network unit to anupstream backup wavelength channel identified by the upstream backupwavelength channel ID.
 31. The communications apparatus according toclaim 25, wherein the message content field further comprises operatingwavelength channel ID information, wherein the operating wavelengthchannel ID information corresponds to the backup wavelength channel IDinformation, and the operating wavelength channel ID informationcomprises an operating wavelength channel ID, wherein the operatingwavelength channel ID is used to instruct the optical network unit to:match an operating wavelength channel identified by the operatingwavelength channel ID; according to the matched operating wavelengthchannel, determine a backup wavelength channel identified by a backupwavelength channel ID; and switch the operating wavelength channel ofthe optical network unit to the backup wavelength channel.
 32. Thecommunications apparatus according to claim 25, wherein the messagecontent field further comprises a protect-pair-quantity used to indicatea quantity of backup wavelength channel IDs in the message contentfield, wherein the backup wavelength channel IDs comprise the downstreambackup wavelength channel ID and the upstream backup wavelength channelID.
 33. A communications apparatus, wherein the communications apparatuscomprises a processor, a memory, and a bus system, wherein the processoris connected to the memory by the bus system, the memory is configuredto store instructions, and when the processor executes the instructionsstored by the memory, the processor is configured to generate a firstmessage, wherein the first message carries backup wavelength channel IDinformation, wherein the backup wavelength channel ID information isused to instruct to switch, when an optical network unit detects afault, an operating wavelength channel of the optical network unit to abackup wavelength channel identified by the backup wavelength channel IDinformation.
 34. A passive optical network system, wherein the systemcomprises a first communications apparatus and a second communicationsapparatus; wherein the first communication apparatus comprises: a firsttransceiver configured to: receive a first message sent by an opticalline terminal, wherein the first message carries backup wavelengthchannel ID information; and perform data communication over aswitched-to backup wavelength channel; and a first processor configuredto: when an optical network unit detects a fault, switch, according tothe first message received by the first communications unit, anoperating wavelength channel of the optical network unit to a backupwavelength channel identified by the backup wavelength channel IDinformation; wherein the second communication apparatus comprises: asecond processor configured to generate a first message, wherein thefirst message carries backup wavelength channel ID information, whereinthe backup wavelength channel ID information is used to instruct toswitch, when an optical network unit detects a fault, an operatingwavelength channel of the optical network unit to a backup wavelengthchannel identified by the backup wavelength channel ID information; anda second transceiver configured to send the first message to the opticalnetwork unit.
 35. A passive optical network system, wherein the systemcomprises a first communications apparatus and a second communicationsapparatus; and wherein the first communications apparatus comprises: afirst transceiver configured to: receive a first message sent by anoptical line terminal, wherein the first message carries backupwavelength channel ID information; and perform data communication over aswitched-to backup wavelength channel; and a first processor configuredto: when an optical network unit detects a fault, switch, according tothe first message received by the first communications unit, anoperating wavelength channel of the optical network unit to a backupwavelength channel identified by the backup wavelength channel IDinformation; wherein the second communication apparatus comprises: aprocessor, a memory, and a bus system, wherein the processor isconnected to the memory by using the bus system, the memory isconfigured to store instructions, and when the processor executes theinstructions stored by the memory, the processor is configured togenerate a first message, wherein the first message carries backupwavelength channel ID information, wherein the backup wavelength channelID information is used to instruct to switch, when an optical networkunit detects a fault, an operating wavelength channel of the opticalnetwork unit to a backup wavelength channel identified by the backupwavelength channel ID information.